Summary

The Qur'an is presented not as Muhammad's (ﷺ) composition, but as the word of God delivered by the Angel Gabriel. His role was to receive, convey, and implement the message.

Evidence from the Prophet's life shows he could not produce the Qur'an. He waited for revelation in times of urgent need and delivered verses that sometimes reproached him or contradicted his personal preferences.

Being unable to read or write, it was impossible for him to have acquired the vast historical, scientific, and theological knowledge contained in the Qur'an through study.

The physical manifestations during revelation (sweating, heaviness) point to an involuntary process driven by a powerful, external, and knowledgeable force, distinct from self-inspiration.

The Qur'an challenged all of humanity and jinn to produce a single chapter like it, a challenge that remains unmet. This failure led its opponents to resort to arms instead of literary competition.

It possesses a remarkable and varied tune, perfect choice of vocabulary, and a sound structure that is immune to imitation. Any attempt to insert human text is immediately jarring.

The literary style of the Qur'an is entirely different from the Prophet's own eloquent speech (hadith), proving it had a separate, divine source.

The Qur'an provides accurate details about former nations and prophets, information that was inaccessible to an unlettered man in 7th-century Arabia.

It contains numerous specific prophecies that were fulfilled, such as the preservation of Islam, the victory of the early Muslims, and the Byzantine victory over the Persians.

This infallible knowledge of the past, present, and future, including the unseen realm, is impossible for any human to possess, demonstrating a divine source of information.

Despite being revealed piecemeal over 23 years, each chapter (surah) of the Qur'an maintains perfect internal coherence, with all its parts forming a single, firmly bonded unit.

The Prophet (ﷺ) was instructed where to place each verse and passage as it was revealed, implying a complete and detailed divine plan for the structure of the entire book from the beginning.

The longest surah, revealed over nine years, demonstrates a perfectly molded structure with a clear introduction, four main purposes, and a conclusion, all seamlessly interconnected without any disjointedness.

The ability to create such an intricate and coherent structure across diverse topics and a long period of revelation is irrefutable proof of a divine author whose knowledge is absolute and independent of time.

The Qur'anic style uniquely combines qualities that are normally contradictory, such as being concise yet fully expressive, and appealing to both logic and emotion simultaneously.

It speaks to the uneducated and the highly intelligent with the same words, satisfying all levels of understanding. It is both clear and flexible, revealing deeper meanings upon repeated readings.

It provides a complete moral and legislative framework for all of humanity, for all time, designed to purify hearts and guide society toward justice and righteousness.